Pineapple has a good position in the world market. Pineapple fruit and juice are also industrially produced. Pineapple is rich in vitamins A and B and is a good source of calcium. It also contains phosphorus and iron. Pineapple is one of the best known tropical fruits. As a commercial fruit, it is spread throughout tropical and subtropical regions. The world’s major pineapple growing countries are the Hawaiian Islands, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Brazil, Ghana, Kenya, Mexico, Taiwan, South Africa, Australia, Puerto Rico and India. The largest pineapple grower is India. Climate requirements for pineapple cultivation The warm and humid climatic conditions of the Aegean, Marmara and Mediterranean regions are extremely favorable for pineapple cultivation. Pineapple grows best in areas with heavy rainfall, and pineapple can be grown in areas with an average annual rainfall of 1500 mm. In addition, good air humidity and irrigation conditions should be provided. Pineapple can be grown close to the sea coast, as well as in inland areas. We can expand the cultivation area to 1500 m above sea level. The optimum growing temperature for pineapple cultivation is 15-32 °C. Low temperature, little sunlight and constant shade can damage the crop. Irrigation in pineapple cultivation Pineapple is a plant that requires a lot of water during development and growth. In the regions where it grows, it requires regular and sufficient amounts of water from the beginning of August until the beginning of the wake-up water and winter rains. During the winter season, the necessary water is usually provided by rainfall in our country. If rainfall is insufficient, especially during the harvest period, irrigation must be done. Yield and quality decrease in dehydrated plants. Excessive water should not be given in soils with heavy character. Excessive water causes root rot. Flowering The plant, which reaches the required maturity, blooms after 11-12 months after the formation of at least 40 leaves. Normally 70%-80% of the plants bloom within a year. Sometimes flowers may not bloom on time. With environmental conditions and good nutrition, 50-60% of non-blooming plants can flower even after 15-18 months. Golden phosphorus helps in this case. A pineapple plant produces only one fruit in its lifetime.
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