Peanut seeds are a valuable food source for humans and animals with their oil, protein, carbohydrate, vitamins and mineral substances. Depending on the variety, it contains 44-56% oil. After removing the oil, the remaining meal contains about 45% crude protein, 24% non-nitrogenous substances and 5.5% mineral substances. Climate Requirements Peanut is a summer and warm climate plant. It requires a total temperature of 3000-4500oC during the growing period. Peanut planting should be started when the soil temperature reaches 15-20oC. A total of 500-600 mm of rainfall during the growing period is sufficient for peanuts. However, this rainfall should be distributed throughout the growing period. If the peanut plant is deprived of water for a long time, the seeds in the capsules do not develop fully and as a result, the yield is low. Irrigation Since peanuts are grown on sandy soils, the need for irrigation water is quite high. Peanut needs a lot of water in 3 development periods. Period : Seed germination period
Period : Flowering and ginophore formation period after sowing
Period : Formation of fruits and ripening period Peanut consumes the most water in July and August during the development period. The first irrigation is very important in peanut farming. During the first irrigation period, enough flowers should be formed in the plant. In addition, the plant should show signs of wilting due to lack of water. The most critical irrigation time for peanuts is the period starting from ginophore formation until fruit ripening. If irrigation is disrupted during this period, there is a significant decrease in yield. The most suitable irrigation method for peanuts is sprinkler irrigation. Plants should be saturated with water in the first irrigation. Depending on the air temperature and soil structure, 4-5 irrigations should be made at 15-17 day intervals.
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