Peas have a unique place not only in terms of human consumption, but also indirectly in agriculture and animal husbandry branches. Since peas are a plant included in the legume group, there are nodules called nodules on the roots. These nodules utilize the free nitrogen of the air by means of the nodosity bacteria in them and enrich the soil in nitrogen. With the help of nodosity bacteria, the pea plant fixes 9 kg of pure nitrogen in a growing period in a decare cultivated area. Edible legumes, which have a very important share in our economy, constitute the product group with the highest increase in cultivation area among field crops in recent years. Among agricultural products, the development of high-yielding varieties with the desired qualities for domestic consumption and exports in edible legumes and the sale of pure and high quality products as a result of the application of cultivation techniques that will reveal these characteristics are of great importance for the nutrition of our people and exports. Irrigation In peas planted in the fall, there is usually no need for irrigation as rainfall is usually high during this period. However, in arid regions or in dry years, irrigation is required to ensure grain yield in pea cultivation. Irrigation should generally be done during the developing period from emergence to flowering. Peas require normal and regular irrigation until the flowering period, although there is not much water requirement during flowering, excessive drought negatively affects fruit and seed setting. Peas require soil water capacity to be between 50-65% during the fruit setting period. Soil Requirements Pea is a very selective plant in terms of soil. Peas have the capacity to grow in many different soils from sandy soils to heavy clay soils. However, in order to obtain high grain yield, the soil should be warm and deep, humus, calcareous, leaky, medium-weight soils with high water retention ability. In heavy clay soils, development is reduced or damaged due to excess moisture. Accordingly, vegetative growth increases and grain yield decreases in damp soils. If the low water is compensated by rainfall or if the ground water is high, sandy soils are favorable. Peas are very sensitive to soil acidity. If it is desired to grow peas in more acidic soils, liming must be done.
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